Saturday, August 19, 2006

 

Transformers meet medical demands

REO has developed a range of medical safety isolation transformers that fulfils the strict requirements of the Medical Devices Directive.
One of the principal concerns of hospitals, clinics and surgeries is always the safety of the patient and the medical devices Directive (MDD), first introduced on 14th June 1993 made this a legal requirement. The MDD calls up a number of standards relating to safety and of these the EN60601-1 series (Medical electrical equipment - general requirements for safety) is probably the best known and applied most widely. To meet this clinical concern, REO has developed a range of medical safety isolation transformers that fulfils the strict requirements of the MDD, and all have been tested for conformance with EN60601-1/A2:1995 and EN60601-1-2:2001 by a notified body.

Isolating transformers help reduce electric shock hazards and limit the risk to sensitive monitoring equipment of interference generated on the mains distribution network.

The transformers developed by REO, based on toroidal-core construction, offer many benefits including low-leakage current, high dielectric strength, low electromagnetic stray fields and a very low value of primary-to-secondary capacitance.

Furthermore, the transformers provide an additional benefit in that they protect essential electrical equipment connected to their secondary side against an earth single-fault condition by ensuring that power is maintained to the essential equipment.

By using isolation tape and a screen winding between the primary and secondary windings the required minimum dielectric strength of 4kV for reinforced and double insulation is achieved, plus the required 'general earth leakage current' of less then 500uA is also achieved.

The transformers are very compact.

This results from the cores of the transformers being constructed from electrical-grade steel strip, with a screen winding and tape isolation between the primary and secondary windings.

The core is virtually air-gap free and has very low losses.

Further external protection and mechanical durability is achieved by encapsulation within a plastic housing.

The whole transformer - fuses, input/output sockets and mains switch - is housed within a metal enclosure designed for bench top mounting.

At the moment, REO's MDD compliant range covers standard units for 230 or 115V with power ratings of 300, 600 and 1000VA.

REO also manufactures medical transformers for three-phase 400V rated for up to 8000VA and has designed special versions for building into specialist medical equipment.

 

Surface mount capacitors raise their values

Syfer has applied its product development and production expertise to delivering higher capacitance values for its 2kV capacitor range.
Advanced process technology has enabled Syfer Technology to increase massively the capacitance range of its 2kV series of surface mount capacitors. With applications in power supplies and modems as well as a broad spectrum of telecomms, military/aerospace and industrial equipment, these extended range devices will prove a boon to designers working to tight space and performance constraints. Already renowned as a leading manufacturer of high voltage capacitors, Syfer has further pushed the boundaries by applying its product development and production expertise to delivering higher capacitance values for its 2kV capacitor range.

Starting with the smallest device in the range, the 1206 packaged part, with an X7R dielectric, now offers a capacitance range from 10pF to a remarkable 2.2nF, more than doubling the maximum capacitance value previously available.

Similarly, the popular 2225 footprint device has seen a capacitance range increase from 180pF to 33nF, up from a maximum of 15nF previously.

The primary advantages to designers of this significant performance improvement are reduced footprint and/or higher capacitance.

The breakthrough is the consequence of Syfer's ongoing materials and process improvement activities.

The company has developed and introduced a new process for the preparation of the ceramic used to manufacture the product.

This has resulted in a doubling of the effective breakdown voltage, allowing for this dramatic increase in the capacitance range of devices in the 2kV range.

John Shreeve, Syfer Technical Director commented: 'It is rare to achieve such a huge increase in performance from process changes'.

'In fact, in this case the effect was considerably more favourable than anticipated'.

Syfer's 2kV range is available with the class Il stable X7R dielectric.

These devices are generally used for by-passing (decoupling), coupling, filtering, frequency discrimination, DC blocking and voltage transient suppression, typically delivering greater volumetric efficiency than Class l units, while maintaining stability within defined limits.

The extensive 2kV series of X7R surface mount capacitors ranges from 1206 to 8060 parts, with capacitance ranges from 1pF to 150nF.

All X7R types are also available with the Syfer FlexiCap flexible termination.

This proprietary flexible epoxy polymer termination material is applied to the device under the usual nickel barrier finish.

FlexiCap will accommodate a greater degree of board bending than conventional capacitors.

The benefit to the user is to facilitate a wider process window giving a greater safety margin and substantially reducing the most common cause of failures in multilayer capacitors - mechanical cracking.

Manufactured in Syfer's Norwich, UK facility, the devices are already in volume production and available in any quantity.

Lead time is 6 weeks, price depending on volume.

The devices are fully RoHS compliant.

Friday, August 18, 2006

 

Website delivers more technical detail

TTI Europe is going live with a new website designed to deliver the most technical detail available as quickly as possible.
TTI Europe is going live with a new website designed to deliver the most technical detail available as quickly as possible. Developed in ASP.NET 2.0, the latest Microsoft programming language which has been adopted by many large organisations, the new site gives users faster loading times of information and screens. The layout has been designed to be clearer and more visually appealing.

The site now includes a new 'research centre' which includes research reports from industry insiders and the latest Lead-free resources.

Information is more integrated, pulling together data from different vendors, and there more focus on specific product and market areas.

A specific section detailing RoHS and other relevant legislation is an important and vital new addition.

Explains Geoff Breed, TTI Europe's Director of Supplier Marketing: 'We have designed the site specifically so that our customers can access product and technical information from our suppliers - right down to providing individual downloadable datasheets'.

'Few if any of our competitors provide the same level of detail'.

'Also, we have created Microsites for each of our suppliers, which act as a portal for users to learn about new products and services'.

'As TTI's focus is on demand creation, new products are key to identifying new opportunities and wining new business, so these areas are very popular'.

'One of the earliest descriptions of the Internet was 'information superhighway'', concludes Breed.

 

Power inductors cut down on resistance

Flat-coil power inductors have low DC resistance and high saturation current in a low-profile self-leaded surface-mount package.
Pulse has introduced a new series of flat-coil power inductors with low direct current resistance (DCR) and high saturation current in a low-profile self-leaded surface-mount package. The PG0426NL series has the lowest DCR of any inductors of this size and profile and uses an advanced core material that resists thermal aging up to 150C. These inductors are ideal for use in voltage regulator module (VRM) applications in notebook computers, desktop computers, workstations and servers as well as DC/DC applications, point-of-load (POL) convertors and other high-density high-power high-ambient-temperature applications.

Pulse's PG0426NL series has a high peak saturation current of 60A and a maximum operating current rating of 34.5A that enables the inductors to handle the high current requirements of microprocessors with significant saturation margin.

The DCR of 11.8 to 1.5mohm results in lower copper losses and maximises the current rating for higher component performance and system efficiency.

Inductance values for this series range from 1.5 to 0.1uH.

A key advantage of Pulse's PG0426NL inductor series is the use of an advanced core material that can operate at high temperatures without any core deterioration or an increase in core loss.

The core performance was verified by subjecting the core material to system-level testing at a core temperature of 150C.

Results showed that the core material did not exhibit any effects of thermal aging at this high core temperature.

The Pulse PG0426NL series performs without degradation in applications with elevated ambient and inductor temperatures.

Pulse's flat-coil inductor windings are made of rectangular copper (flat wire) wound helically, similar to a spring.

The rectangular copper wire has a larger surface area than round wire, resulting in reduced skin effect losses.

The rectangular wire provides more copper in the same area that round wire would occupy, reducing the direct current resistance in a lower profile volume.

The rectangular wire winding also provides a self-terminating lead (no internal solder joints) to increase reliability and reduce cost.

The inductors come in an industry-standard 2525 footprint of 7.5 x 7.0mm maximum (6.9 x 6.5mm nominal) with a low profile of 3.2mm maximum height.

Low height is important to allow even airflow over the entire circuit board to reduce hot spots.

 

Alliance targets efficient engine starting

Alcoa AFL Automotive and Maxwell Technologies have signed a memorandum of understanding to collaborate on the development of a cold start system for the commercial transportation market.
Alcoa AFL Automotive and Maxwell Technologies have signed a memorandum of understanding to collaborate on the development of a cold start system for the commercial transportation market. The companies will incorporate Maxwell's Boostcap ultracapacitors with AFL's power management system to develop an efficient engine starting system. 'This phase will focus on the meshing of Alcoa's and Maxwell's technologies to produce the cold start system, with a goal of producing a system ready for testing and evaluation by truck OEMs by the end of the first quarter 2007', said Allen Zwierzchowski, President, Worldwide Components AFL Automotive.

'AFL and Maxwell have been interacting technically for some time, and we have identified cold starting for commercial trucks as a significant market opportunity that the companies have agreed to address through a formal collaboration', said Dr Richard Balanson, Maxwell's President and Chief Executive Officer.

'AFL is a highly respected Tier 1 supplier to the automotive and commercial vehicle industries'.

'Their electronic systems design expertise, manufacturing resources and strong worldwide contacts with auto and truck OEMs complement Maxwell's capabilities as a leading provider of energy storage and power delivery solutions', Balanson continued.

Increasing environmental regulations preclude the ability of operators to allow their trucks to run all night.

More than 20 US states have enacted or are proposing regulations that prohibit running diesel truck engines overnight to power so-called 'hotel loads' - heating, cooling, entertainment and other driver comfort feature.

Running those loads on battery power all night can leave the batteries with insufficient power to start the vehicle in the morning, especially in cold weather.

'With the AFL-Maxwell cold starting system, the ultracapacitor pack would provide what amounts to an onboard jump-start capability', Zwierzchowski explained.

'In addition, fleet owners incur significant costs due to vehicle downtime and jump-starting stranded trucks'.

'Incorporating ultracapacitors to relieve batteries of demanding short-duration, high-current loads, such as cold starting, will improve overall system performance and reliability, extend battery life, and reduce battery maintenance and replacement costs',

Monday, August 14, 2006

 

Frequency control programmed in the field

Programmable within seconds, CPP series field instantly programmable oscillators (FIPOs) enable designers to develop products much faster and significantly reduce time-to-market.
Programmable within seconds, CPP series field instantly programmable oscillators (FIPOs) enable designers to develop products much faster and significantly reduce time-to-market. In addition, the FIPOs can be reprogrammed once more after initial programming, to correct or to enable the part to be reused for a second application. Manufactured by Cardinal Components and available from Young ECC, the CPP series FIPOs eliminate the usual two-week to three-month period required to produce a custom oscillator.

Now, without any special programming skills, designers can create oscillators, at a user specified frequency, within seconds, as they need them.

Cardinal's field programmable oscillator blanks are programmed using one of four different brogrammers, depending on the volume requirements.

Ideal for prototyping, early stage design, unexpected design modifications etc, FIPOs also allow manufacturers to cope with a sudden ramp in production.

The key to cost-effective high volume production is the elimination of the need to stock specific oscillators for specific designs with a manufacturing lead-time of up to three months.

Instead one part can be stocked for any design with essentially no lead-time.

Oscillator blanks are available in Style 1, Full-Size 14-pin DIP, Style 4; Half-Size 8-pin DIP; as well as Style 7, Ceramic 5x7 SMD.

Style 8, Plastic SMD, will be released by end of Q1-01.

These oscillators offer both commercial (0 to 70C) and industrial (-20 to +70C) temperature ranges with a stability of +/-25, +/-50 and +/-100ppm.

Frequencies cover 1.0 to 133MHz with 6-digit accuracy and operating voltage is 3, 3.3 and 5V.

Other features include CMOS or TTL outputs, tristate enable/disable, and synchronous or asynchronous output control.

Two field oscillator programmers are available.

The first, the Series PG-2000P stand alone for Cardinal CPP series four pin oscillators, is a self-contained portable unit that requires no additional PC or frequency counter.

It has an internal TCXO frequency reference and features a four-line LCD showing frequency, control parameters, usage instructions and error messages.

The second, the Series PG-2000 is PC-based and caters for four-pin CPP oscillators.

It requires a PC with HPIB interface and uses an external frequency counter as reference.

The programmer is compatible with Windows 95/98/NT and 2000 For high volume applications, the Cardinal/Exatron Model 802 offers a production rate of 1000 units per hour.

It features five input tubes and six output tubes (five pass and one fail) and tube to tray transfer with quick change back to trays.

For even higher volumes, the Cardinal/Exatron Production Programmer caters for 4000 units/hour and has eight input tubes and a five tube or tape output.

Both high volume models offer optional handlers, laser marking as well as tape and reel capabilities.

 

Resistors chip into space-limited applications

Combining a wide range of resistance values with ultra-miniature package technology, the latest series of chip resistors from Rohm Electronics is ideal for portable electronic devices.
Combining a wide range of resistance values with ultra-miniature package technology, the latest series of chip resistors from Rohm Electronics is ideally suited to portable electronic devices and other applications where space is a major concern. The MCR006 fixed thick-film chip resistors are available with resistance values from 10ohm to 1Mohm (E24) and are supplied in ultra-miniature 0603 (0201) packaging. Resistance tolerances of +/-5% are offered across the series, and tolerances of +/-1% are available for devices in the 100ohm to 1Mohm (E24) range.

Jumper type versions of the devices with a maximum resistance value of 50mohm are also available.

Designed for operation at temperatures from -55 to +125C, the new MCR006 resistors are rated for a maximum continuous working voltage of 25V and a maximum overload voltage of 50V.

Rated power is 0.032W at 70C.

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